In 1932, RCMP members killed Albert Johnson, the Mad Trapper of Rat River, after a shoot-out. The first Mountie to go undercover was Frank Zaneth who under the code name Operative Number 1 infiltrated various 'radical' groups along with the Mafia. Historians estimate that Canada deported two percent of its Chinese community between 19, largely under the provisions of the Opium and Narcotics Drugs Act. The RCMP paid particular attention to nationalist and socialist Ukrainian groups and the Chinese community, which was targeted because of disproportionate links to opium dens. The service was also deeply involved in immigration matters, and was responsible for deporting suspected radicals.

These included the Communist Party of Canada (founded in 1921) and a variety of Indigenous, minority cultural, and nationalist groups. Īs part of its national security and intelligence functions, the RCMP infiltrated ethnic or political groups considered to be dangerous to Canada. By 1950, eight of the ten Canadian provinces had disbanded their provincial police services in favour of subsidized RCMP policing. The federal government paid 60 per cent of the policing costs, while provinces and municipalities paid the remaining 40 per cent. In 1928, the federal government authorized the RCMP to enter into heavily-subsidized contracts with provinces and municipalities, enabling the services to return to its roots in local policing. The new police service inherited the paramilitary, frontline policing-oriented culture that had governed the RNWMP, which had been modelled after the Royal Irish Constabulary, but much of the RCMP's local policing role had been superseded by provincial and municipal police services. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police was formed in 1920 by the amalgamation of two separate federal police services: the Royal North-West Mounted Police (RNWMP), which had been responsible for colonial policing in the Canadian West, but by 1920 was becoming 'rapidly obsolete ' and the Dominion Police, which was responsible for federal law enforcement, intelligence, and parliamentary security. See also: North-West Mounted Police § history Several RCMP members involved in the hunt for Albert Johnson, 1931. However, the service has faced criticism for its broad mandate, and its public perception in Canada has gradually soured since the 1990s, worn down by workplace culture lawsuits, several high-profile scandals, staffing shortages, and the service's handling of incidents like the 2020 Nova Scotia attacks. The Government of Canada considers the RCMP to be an unofficial national symbol, and in 2013, 87 per cent of Canadians interviewed by Statistics Canada said that the RCMP was important to their national identity. Despite its name, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police are no longer an actual mounted police service, and horses are only used at ceremonial events and certain other occasions. Policing in Canada is considered to be a constitutional responsibility of provinces, however, the RCMP provides local police services under contract in all provinces and territories except Ontario and Quebec.

Under its federal mandate, the RCMP is responsible for enforcing federal legislation investigating inter-provincial and international crime border integrity overseeing Canadian peacekeeping missions involving police managing the Canadian Firearms Program, which licenses and registers firearms and their owners and the Canadian Police College, which provides police training to Canadian and international police services.

Sworn members of the RCMP have jurisdiction as a peace officer in all provinces and territories of Canada.

The Royal Canadian Mounted Police was established in 1920 with the amalgamation of the Royal North-West Mounted Police and the Dominion Police. The RCMP is an agency of the Government of Canada it also delivers police services under contract to eight provinces, all three territories, over 150 municipalities, and 600 Indigenous communities. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP French: Gendarmerie royale du Canada GRC), commonly known in English as the Mounties (and colloquially in French as la police montée), is the national police service of Canada. While a federal agency, the RCMP also serves as the local law enforcement agency for various provincial, municipal, and First Nations jurisdictions.

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